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If you are mining Bitcoin, you do not need to calculate the entire value of the 64-digit number (the hash). I repeat: You do not need to figure the total value of a hash.

Remember that ELI5 analogy, where I wrote the number 19 on a piece of newspaper and put it in a sealed envelope

In Bitcoin mining terms, that metaphorical undisclosed number in the envelope is known as the objective hash.

What miners are doing with those tremendous computers and dozens of cooling fans is guessing at the target hash. Miners create these guesses by randomly generating as many"nonces" as possible, as fast as possible. A nonce is short for"number only used once," and also the nonce is the key to generating these 64-bit hexadecimal numbers I keep talking about.

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The primary miner whose nonce generates a hash that is less than or equal to the target hash is given credit for completing that block, and is awarded the spoils of 12.5 BTC. .

In theory you could Attain the Exact Same aim by rolling a 16-sided die 64 times to arrive at random numbers, but why on earth would you want to do this

The screenshot below, taken by the site Blockchain.info, might help you put all of this information together at a glance. You're looking at a summary of everything that happened when block #490163 was mined. The nonce that generated the "winning" hash was 731511405. The target hash is shown on top.

As you see here, their contribution into the Bitcoin community is they confirmed 1768 transactions for this cube. If you really want to see all 1768 of those transactions for this block, go to this webpage and scroll down to the heading"Transactions." .

There's no minimum goal, but there's a maximum goal set by the Bitcoin Protocol. No goal can be higher than this number:

Here are some examples of randomized hashes and the criteria for whether they will lead to success for your miner:

You would have to find a fast mining rig or, more realistically, join a mining pool--a bunch of miners who combine their computing power and divide the mined bitcoin. Mining pools are somewhat comparable to people Powerball clubs whose members buy lottery tickets en masse and consent to discuss any winnings. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. .

In other words, it is literally only a numbers game.  You cannot guess the pattern or make a prediction based on previous goal hashes. The difficulty level of the most recent block at the time of writing is 2,874,674,234,416, i.e. the chance of any given nonce producing a hash below the target is 1 in 2,874,674,234,416--less than 1 in 2 trillion. .

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The aforementioned website Cryptocompare delivers a helpful calculator that allows you to plug in numbers such as your hash speed, power costs etc. to gauge the costs and benefits.

Mining rewards are paid into the miner who discovers a solution to the puzzle , and also the probability that a participant is going to be the one to discover the solution is equal to the portion of the entire mining power on the network.  Participants which have a small percentage of the mining capability stand a tiny chance of discovering the next block on their own.  For instance, a mining card that one could purchase for a few thousand bucks would represent less than 0.001percent of the network's mining energy.  With such a small chance at finding the next block, it might be a long time before that miner finds a block, and the difficulty going up makes things even worse.  The miner may never recoup their investment.  The answer to this problem is mining pools.  Mining pools are operated by third parties and coordinate groups of miners.  By working together in a pool and sharing the payouts amongst participants, miners can get a steady flow of bitcoin starting the day they activate their miner.  Statistics on some of the mining pools can be seen on Blockchain.info. .

Sure. As discussed, the easiest way to acquire Bitcoin is to buy it on an exchange like Coinbase.com. Alternately, you can consistently leverage the"pickaxe plan". This relies on the old saw that during the 1848 California gold rush, the smart investment was not to pan for gold, but rather to create the pickaxes taken for mining.

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In a crypto context, the pickaxe equivalent are a company that manufactures equpiment used for Bitcoin mining. You can look into companies that make ASICs miners or GPU miners. see post .